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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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comoros.4
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1991-04-07
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Economy
Overview: One of the world's poorest countries, Comoros
is made up of several islands that have poor transportation
links, a young and rapidly increasing population, and few
natural resources. The low educational level of the labor
force contributes to a low level of economic activity, high
unemployment, and a heavy dependence on foreign technical
assistance. Agriculture, including fishing and forestry,
is the leading sector of the economy. It contributes about
40% to GDP, employs 80% of the labor force, and provides
most of the exports. The country is not self-sufficient
in food production, and rice, the main staple, accounts for
90% of imports. During the period 1982-86 the industrial sector
grew at an annual average rate of 5.3%, but its contribution
to GDP was less than 4% in 1986. Despite major investment
in the tourist industry, which accounts for about 25% of
GDP, growth has stagnated since 1983.
GDP: $207 million, per capita $475; real growth rate 0.1%
(1988 est.).
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 8.3% (1986).
Unemployment rate: over 16% (1988 est.).
Budget: revenues $75.2 million; expenditures $77.9 million,
including capital expenditures of $4.8 million (1988 est.).
Exports: $12 million (f.o.b., 1987); commodities--vanilla,
cloves, perfume oil, copra; partners--US 53%, France 41%,
Africa 4%, FRG 2%.
Imports: $52 million (c.i.f., 1987); commodities--rice and
other foodstuffs, cement, petroleum products, consumer goods;
partners--Europe 62% (France 22%, other 40%), Africa 5%,
Pakistan, China.
External debt: $238 million (December 1988).
Industrial production: growth rate 3.4% (1988 est.).
Electricity: 16,000 kW capacity; 24 million kWh produced,
55 kWh per capita (1989).
Industries: perfume distillation.
Agriculture: accounts for 40% of GDP; most of population
works in subsistence agriculture and fishing; plantations
produce cash crops for export--vanilla, cloves, perfume
essences, and copra; principal food crops--coconuts, bananas,
cassava; world's leading producer of essence of ylang-ylang
(for perfumes) and second-largest producer of vanilla; large
net food importer.
Aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY80-88), $9 million;
Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
(1970-87), $371 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $22
million; Communist countries (1970-88), $18 million.
Currency: Comoran franc (plural--francs); 1 Comoran franc
(CF) = 100 centimes.
Exchange rates: Comoran francs (CF) per US$1--287.99 (January
1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987), 346.30
(1986), 449.26 (1985); note--linked to the French franc
at 50 to 1 French franc.
Fiscal year: calendar year.